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NEWTON (1642-1727)
physicist and mathematician of the greatest of all time.
His most important are the "Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica," which lists the results of its mechanical and astronomical surveys, as well as lay the foundations of calculus. Among other works include "Optik", a study in which he argued the famous corpuscular theory of light, "Arithmetica universalis and Methodus fluxionum et serierum infinitarum" published posthumously.

The Newton's laws of motion (the one most commonly known as "three laws of motion") are still the basis of classical mechanics. The first law is the principle of inertia states that a body perseveres in its state of rest or uniform rectilinear motion, unless it is compelled to change that state by forces outside the second law, stating that the acceleration of a body is directly proportional to the applied force, allowing the one hand, moment by moment to calculate the position and velocity of the body are known when the initial conditions of motion, on the other hand the definition of one of the most important concepts of physics: the inertial mass . The third law states that for every action there is always an equal and opposite reaction.

's more specific contribution to the description of Newton the forces of nature came from law of universal gravitation: it states that two bodies attract each other with a force directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of their distance, this law has vast implications: it introduces the concept of mass gravity, explained the motion of planets around the Sun and the objects inside the Earth's gravitational field, but it is also responsible for the phenomenon of gravitational collapse, leading to the understanding of the phenomenon of blacks holes. The legend wants that the idea of \u200b\u200buniversal gravitation by the fall of an apple suggested to among other things, it would seem authentic.

Among his numerous studies include recognition white light as a result of the superposition of all the colors of the spectrum, the theory of light propagation and the introduction of differential and integral calculus, he was also responsible for understanding the phenomenon of the tides and the precession of the equinoxes. The
Kepler's laws of planetary motion and the theory of Galileo on falling bodies were both confirmed and recognized as consequences of Newton's Second Law of Newton and his law of universal gravitation.

Trivia: In her tomb in Westminster Abbey is this epitaph: "Sibi gratulentur mortales that humani generis decus tantumque exstitisse (mortals rejoice that there has been a such and such great honor of mankind).